Volatile organic compound monitoring

ABSTRACT

A system, method and apparatus for monitoring the subsurface at facilities for the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A surface penetration is made in a facility surface providing access to the subsurface soil beneath the facility. A soil probe is placed in communication with the soil beneath the facility surface and used to withdraw samples of soil gas from the pore space within the soil. The soil probe includes a monitoring port configured to seal the surface penetration and minimize the movement of undesirable materials between the facility and the subsurface via the monitoring port. The soil probe has an end filter in communication with the subsurface under the facility. The monitoring port is coupled to a sampling pump used to withdraw the soil gas sample. Soil gas samples are periodically obtained and analyzed for the presence of VOCs.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/800,458, filed Mar. 15, 2004, which claims priority from U.S.Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/454,922, filed Mar. 13, 2003, bothof which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates generally to environmental pollution monitoringand, more specifically, to a system, method and apparatus for monitoringsubsurface levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Numerous commercial and industrial businesses use VOCs in day-to-dayoperations. Many of these VOCs are dangerous to human health and theenvironment if released to soil and groundwater. For example, the drycleaner industry has historically used a variety of solvents in thecleaning process, including volatile organic solvents such as kerosene,Stoddard solvent, gasoline, propylene glycol ethers and carbontetrachloride. More recently, the majority of dry cleaner operations usetetrachloroethene or perchloroethene (PCE) as a cleaning solvent. ThisVOC is a known cancer-causing agent in animals and may cause cancer inhumans. Almost 95% of dry cleaner facilities use PCE in their cleaningprocesses.

When released and allowed to seep into the ground even small quantitiesof PCE can contaminate large quantities of soil and groundwater atlevels dangerous to human health and the environment. Governmentprescribed cleanup levels for PCE are as low as 0.05 milligrams perkilogram in soil and 5 micrograms per liter in groundwater. A release ofone gallon of PCE can contaminate 100 million gallons of groundwater totwice the prescribed cleanup level, and result in cleanup liability ofhundreds of thousands and potentially millions of dollars.

Given the liabilities associated with contamination cleanup, theinsurance industry has been reticent to insure real estate againstenvironmental risks where dry cleaner operations are ongoing or havepreviously occupied space on the property. Property owners are unable tosell properties or can only sell at reduced prices because of the riskassociated with owning properties previously occupied by dry cleaneroperations. Other businesses that use, store or treat or recycle VOCs,such as metal plating and fabrication plants, are affected similarly.

Currently there is no practical system or method to periodicallymonitor, in an efficient and cost effective manner, the subsurface atbusiness facilities where VOCs are used. Typically, subsurfaceinvestigations occur only when an audit, insurance review or propertysale takes place, or when a large release is documented. Theseinvestigations generally involve installing soil borings and groundwatermonitoring wells to determine if a release has affected the soil and/orgroundwater. By the time an investigation is performed the damage isdone and the problem could have been spread by groundwater flow tocontaminate millions of gallons of groundwater and migrated beyondproperty boundaries. In addition, subsurface investigations involvingsoil borings and monitoring wells are expensive, with costs ranging tohundreds of thousands of dollars. Environmental professionals arerequired to design these investigations, manage boring and wellinstallation, interpret data, and report results.

Thus, there is a need for an inexpensive system, method and apparatus tomonitor facilities where VOCs are used to determine if a release hasoccurred. The monitoring will determine if problems already exist orwill catch future releases in a timely manner to facilitate mitigationbefore the cost of cleanup escalates.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention is directed to a system, method and apparatus forperiodically monitoring the subsurface at facilities where VOCs areused, stored and treated/recycled for releases of VOCs to theenvironment. This invention will enable business owners and propertyowners who lease space to business owners to protect their investment bymonitoring the business operations. This invention will also provideinsurers a means of assessing if a property has been affected by arelease and monitoring insured properties to identify if a release hasoccurred such that the impacts can be mitigated before the contaminationspreads and dramatically increases the costs associated with cleanup.

This invention involves the installation of one or more VOC monitoringsystems at business operations where VOCs are used. A soil probe (orother VOC gas or vapor monitoring device) is placed so as to be incommunication with the soil beneath the surface at a facility and usedto withdraw samples of gas or vapor from the pore space within the soil.As used herein, the term soil gas and soil vapor are usedinterchangeably. Samples of the soil gas are analyzed for the presenceof VOCs. VOCs released in the soil evaporate and diffuse within the porespace in the soil matrix. Samples of the gas removed from soil in thearea of a VOC release will contain detectible concentrations of the VOC.Under facilities where no releases have occurred in close proximity tothe soil probe, concentrations of the VOC should not be present in thesoil gas. Where a release has occurred and migrated to soil in proximityto the soil probe, evidence of this release will be found present in thesoil gas.

Implementing a protocol of periodic soil gas sampling at the facility isa cost-effective way to document whether ongoing operations haveintroduced VOCs into the soil matrix and groundwater, if present.Property owners and insurers benefit by knowing that year-to-year noreleases to the subsurface have occurred. Property buyers benefit byknowing that the property is not being negatively impacted by ongoingoperations. Business owners and insurers benefit by knowing that ongoingoperations are not causing impacts to the property that would incurexpensive liabilities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The preferred and alternative embodiments of the present invention aredescribed in detail below with reference to the following drawings.

FIG. 1 is an illustration of the preferred embodiment of the system ofthe present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the preferred VOC monitoring methodologyof the present invention;

FIGS. 3, 3B, 3C and 3D are component views of the preferred embodimentof the soil probe of the present invention;

FIG. 3A is a partially exploded view of a monitoring port cap,monitoring port and swedge fitting of the preferred embodiment of thesoil probe of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an illustration of an aspect of the installation of thepreferred soil probe of the present invention utilizing an install tool;

FIG. 4A is an illustration of the bottom configuration of the installtool shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 5 is a further illustration of an aspect of the installation of thepreferred soil probe of the present invention utilizing an install tool;

FIG. 6 is an illustration of an aspect of the installation of thepreferred soil probe of the present invention utilizing a cap tool;

FIG. 6A is an illustration of the bottom configuration of the cap toolshown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 6B is an illustration of an aspect of the installation of thepreferred soil probe of the present invention wherein the cap tool isused to install a monitoring port cap;

FIG. 7 is an illustration of an aspect of the VOC monitoring processutilizing a preferred sampling adaptor;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the preferred VOC installationmethodology of the present invention; and

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing the preferred VOC monitoring methodologyof the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a system, method and apparatus formonitoring subsurface levels of chemicals of concern or, in thepreferred context of the present invention, volatile organic compounds(VOCs). With reference to FIG. 1, the preferred system 10 includes asoil probe 20 (or other VOC gas or vapor monitoring device) that isinserted through a surface penetration 150 in a facility surface 160,such as an interior building floor slab or an exterior facility surfacesuch as parking lot, a sidewalk or concrete slab, to create access tothe soil beneath the facility surface, referred to as the facilitysubsurface 170. Possible VOCs at the facility are prevented from seepinginto the facility subsurface 170 through the surface penetration 150 bythe installed soil probe 20 fixed in place, preferably by use of a VOCresistant epoxy sealant 180 or similar chemically resistant sealantbetween the soil probe and the facility surface.

The methodology of the preferred embodiment for a monitoring system isdescribed with reference to FIG. 2. At block 300, the facility isevaluated to determine the applicability of the VOC monitoringtechnology of the present invention. This step preferably involves anevaluation of the historical uses of the location, the chemicalcomposition of VOCs that potentially may be released and the physicalconstruction of the facility. At decision block 310, if the technologyis determined not to be applicable, the logic proceeds to block 320,where other VOC monitoring technologies may be considered. If atdecision block 310 the technology is determine to be applicable, thelogic proceeds to block 330.

At block 330, the preferred location for the VOC monitor is selected.The present invention is preferably used at facility locations whereVOCs are used, stored, or treated/recycled in commercial and industrialprocesses. This is preferably based on factors such as (1) the proximityto where VOCs are stored, used, treated, recycled, or disposed andreleases are possible, and (2) the location where VOC release to thesubsurface is made possible by facility structures, such as nearconstruction joints, piping and storage containers. At block 340, theVOCs of interest are selected to facilitate proper sampling and testing.This step preferably involves determining what chemicals have been usedat the facility and may have been released into the subsurface. Theorder of blocks 330 and 340 may be altered, or the steps performedsimultaneously. At block 350, one or more VOC monitoring ports of thepresent invention are installed according the procedure described belowwith reference to FIG. 8.

At block 360, a soil gas sample is collected for analysis. This ispreferably accomplished according to the procedure described below withreference to FIG. 9, and may be the initial assessment or part of anongoing periodic or incidental monitoring program. At block 370, thesoil gas sample is analyzed for selected VOCs of interest, either usingfield or laboratory methods. At decision block 380, a determination ismade whether significant concentrations of VOCs are present. Ifsignificant concentrations of VOCs are present, the logic proceeds toblock 390, where an investigation is commenced to determine whether arelease of VOCs occurred and, if so, the nature of the release andpreferred remedy. If no significant concentrations of VOCs are present,the logic proceeds to block 400, where data obtained during monitoringis processed, tabulated and maintained for future reference andcontinued evaluation. The definition of “significant concentrations” maybe predetermined or determined during analysis, and may be based on avariety of factors, but preferably is characterized in part depending onthe particular history of the property being evaluated and subsurfaceconditions such as soil type and presence of groundwater. For example,significant concentrations could include any concentration of VOCs incases where previous monitoring found no concentrations to exist.Alternatively, significant concentrations could include only increasesin concentrations of VOCs in cases where previous monitoring found lowbackground levels to exist.

The preferred embodiment of the soil probe 20 is better understood withreference to FIGS. 1, 3 and 3A-3D. The preferred soil probe 20 consistsof a monitoring port 30, a swedge fitting 60, an installation tool 70, amonitoring port cap 80, a cap tool 90 and a sampling adaptor 100,described in greater detail below.

The monitoring port 30 is a substantially hollow, generallytubular-shaped member comprised of a head or mounting plate 32, athreaded neck 44, an extension tube 46, a thread adaptor 48 and an endfilter 50. The mounting plate 32 is preferably larger in diameter thanthe tubular body of the probe in order to cover the surface opening ofthe surface penetration 150. The mounting plate 32 has a top side 34 andbottom side 36. As described with reference to FIG. 3A, the mountingplate 32 includes a threaded locking aperture 38 used to receive theinstallation tool 70, the monitoring port cap 80 or the sampling adaptor100. The locking aperture 38 tapers from flush with the top 34 of themounting plate to an interior locking groove 40 and then to a threadedinterior 42. In an alternative embodiment, a one-way valve (not shown)may be installed in the interior of the threaded neck 44 to prevent VOCsor other contaminants from the facility atmosphere from passing throughthe monitoring port 30 into the subsurface 170 during operation of thesystem of the present invention.

The threaded neck 44 extends away from the bottom 36 of the mountingplate 32. The extension tube 46 extends from the end of the threadedneck 44 remote from the mounting plate 32. The extension tube may be ofvarying length depending on the penetration depth required for theprobe, which in turn varies depending on the type of soil beneath thefacility, the proximity to potential leaks or spills and the surfaceconstruction details. In an alternative embodiment, the length of theprobe may be such that it does not extend beneath the bottom of thefacility surface 160, for example, the bottom of a building floor slab.In this embodiment, the sample of soil gas is drawn from the pocketcreated between the facility surface 160 and the subsurface 170 by thesurface penetration 150.

The thread adaptor 48 transitions between the end of the extension tube46 remote from the threaded neck 44 and the end filter 50. The endfilter 50 may be a screen, other porous material filter or simply holesin the soil probe designed to allow the passage of soil gas whilerestricting the passage of soil particles into the soil probe. Thediameter of the probe is preferably less than one inch (2.45 cm), butmay be larger in certain applications where a larger probe is desirablefor engineering reasons.

The swedge fitting 60 has an interior nut 62 with threads correspondingto the threaded neck 44 of the monitoring port 30. As the threaded neck44 is threaded through the swedge fitting, the sides 64 of the swedgefitting are forced outward to engage material adjacent the swedgefitting, thereby securing the swedge fitting in place. The install tool70 has a locking end 72 corresponding in size and shape to the lockingaperture 40 of the mounting plate 32 and a tightening end 74 preferablyof a standard socket size and shape. The unique correspondence betweenthe interior locking groove 40 of the mounting plate 32 and the lockingend 72 of the install tool 70 in the preferred embodiment discouragesinadvertent or unauthorized removal of the monitoring port.

The preferred embodiment, the monitoring port cap 80 has a threadedfirst end 82 that corresponds to the threaded interior 42 of the lockingaperture 38 of the mounting plate 32 and a cap head second end 84 thatincludes turning recesses 86 preferably formed therein. The monitoringport cap 80 preferably includes a plurality of o-rings 88 designed tocreated a substantially airtight seal between the monitoring port cap 80and the interior of the locking aperture 38 of the monitoring port 30when the monitoring port cap is interfaced within the monitoring port.In alternative embodiments, the monitoring port cap 80 may be attachedto the monitoring port 30 by means other than corresponding threads, forexample, snap or friction fit. In yet an alternative embodiment, themonitoring port cap may be unitary with the monitoring port, forexample, as a retractable piece providing access to the monitoring port30. The cap tool 90 has a connection end 92 having turning pins 94corresponding in size and shape to the turning recesses 86 of themonitoring port cap 80 and a tightening end 96 preferably of a standardsocket size and shape. The unique corresponding pin-recess configurationbetween the cap tool 90 and the monitoring port cap 80 in the preferredembodiment discourages inadvertent or unauthorized removal of themonitoring port cap.

The sampling adaptor 100 is a hollow, generally tubular-shaped memberhaving a threaded first end 102 that corresponds to the threadedinterior 42 of the locking aperture 38 of the mounting plate 32. Thesampling adaptor 100 preferably includes a plurality of o-rings 104designed to created a substantially liquid and airtight seal between thesampling adaptor 100 and the interior of the locking aperture 38 of themounting plate 32 when the sampling adaptor 100 is interfaced within themonitoring port 30. The sampling adaptor 100 has a second end 106designed to interface with a sampling pump (represented as 190 inFIG. 1) into which soil gas samples are withdrawn from the facilitysubsurface 170. The sampling adaptor includes a shutoff valve 108 thatopens and closes the tubular interior path between the first end 102 andthe second end 106.

Other VOC monitoring devices, for example, electronic detectors, couldbe used to perform the function of the soil probe 20. In addition, thesoil probe may take various forms without departing from the scope ofthe present invention. For example, the soil probe may consist of ahollow tube with a closed end, manufactured with small diameter holes orslots along its length for the intake of gases from the subsurface 170.The holes can vary in size and spacing depending on the soil beingpenetrated for sampling and monitoring. This embodiment effectivelymerges the monitoring port 30 and sampling adaptor 100 components into asingle, monolithic member or monitoring station. The resultingmonitoring station would preferably have a first monitoring end throughwhich soil gas samples could be drawn and a second sampling endadaptable to a sampling pump or other device designed to withdraw andcapture a soil gas sample. Yet other embodiments, for exampleincorporating the use of one or more screens rather than holes or slotsalong a hollow tube, may also be used.

A preferred method for installing the preferred soil probe 20 of thepresent invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3-6 and 8.With reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. 8, at block 500, a smalldiameter surface penetration 150 is made in the facility surface 160 toallow installation of the soil probe. This may be accomplished bydrilling or other means. At block 502, a VOC resistant epoxy sealant 180or similar chemically resistant sealant is placed around the surfacepenetration 150 on the facility surface 160.

At block 504, the monitoring port 30 is inserted through the surfacepenetration 150 so as to be in communication with the facilitysubsurface 170 beneath the facility surface 160. In the preferredembodiment, this is accomplished by threading the threaded neck 44 ofthe mounting plate 32 through the threads of the interior nut 62 of theswedge fitting 60. The mounting plate 32 is pressed securely via the VOCresistant epoxy sealant 180 to the facility surface 160 as it isthreaded into the swedge fitting within the surface penetration. Atblock 506, the monitoring port 30 is tightened within the swedge fitting60 to firmly lodge the monitoring port in place within the surfacepenetration 150. As better described with reference to FIGS. 4, 4A and5, the locking end 72 of the install tool 70 is inserted into thelocking aperture 40 of the mounting plate 32. Using a socket wrench orother tightening means, the tightening end 74 is twisted, therebyfurther threading the threaded neck 44 along the threads of the interiornut 62 of the swedge fitting 60. As the threaded neck 44 is threadedthrough the swedge fitting, the sides 64 of the swedge fitting areforced outward to engage material adjacent the swedge fitting, in thiscase the facility surface 160, for example, within the surfacepenetration of a building floor slab, thereby securing the swedgefitting and monitoring port in place within the surface penetration.Alternative fittings or other securing methods may be used to secure themonitoring port in place within the surface penetration. For example,locking clamps, tightening bolts or expanding fittings may be usedinstead of a swedge fitting. In addition, sealants, glues or fillingmaterial may be placed between the monitoring port and the facilitysurface to secure the monitoring port in place within the surfacepenetration.

As described above, the bottom side 36 of the mounting plate 32 issealed to the facility surface 160 using the VOC resistant epoxy sealant180 to preferably eliminate leakage of VOCs or other contaminants fromthe facility into the subsurface 170 beneath the facility surface 160via the surface penetration 150 and to seal in soil gas that may containVOCs or other contaminants. In addition, in facilities where VOCs areused, stored, treated/recycled there will be measurable concentrationsof VOCs in the air. It is necessary to seal out these VOCs from beingdrawn into the soil beneath the slab during or between sampling events.

At block 508, the monitoring port cap 80 is inserted into the monitoringport 30. More specifically, the threaded first end 82 of the monitoringport cap 80 is threaded along the threaded interior 42 of the lockingaperture 38 of the mounting plate 32. This is preferably accomplishedusing the cap tool 90. As shown with reference to FIGS. 6, 6A and 6B,the turning pins 94 of the cap tool 90 are aligned with and insertedinto the corresponding turning recesses 86 of the monitoring port cap 80and the cap tool (or other tightening means) is used to thread thethreaded first end 82 of the monitoring port cap along the threadedinterior 42 of the mounting plate 32. A substantially liquid or airtightseal is preferably created between the monitoring port cap 80 and themonitoring port 30 by virtue of the plurality of o-rings 88 (see FIGS. 3and 3A).

Alternative embodiments of the soil probe 20 can be installed using anyof a variety of methods, for example, through vibratory insertion ormanual force in a retrofit application or forming the soil probe intothe facility surface at the time of construction. The top of analternative soil probe is terminated along the top of the facilitysurface at an access port, which is a port sealed in the surfacepenetration and designed to prevent any possible leakage of releasedVOCs or other contaminants. The access cover, door, hatch, or othermeans of opening the monitoring port is also sealed between uses toprevent any possible leakage through the monitoring port by use ofo-rings, sealants or other means. As described above, in the preferredembodiment, the soil probe that penetrates the subsurface is installedwith a manual valve or quick-connect self-sealing valve to preventpossible chemical leakage through the sampling port as well as to sealin soil gas that may contain VOCs or other contaminants.

A preferred method for collecting soil vapor samples using the preferredsoil probe 20 of the present invention is described with reference toFIGS. 1, 7 and 9. With reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. 9, atblock 600, the monitoring cap 80 is removed from the monitoring port 30using the cap tool 90. At block 602, the sampling adaptor 100 isinserted into the threaded locking aperture 38 of the monitoring port30. This is accomplished by screwing the threaded first end 102 of thesampling adaptor along the threaded interior 42 of the locking aperture38 of the mounting plate 32. The removal of the monitoring cap 80 andthe insertion of the sampling adaptor 100 preferably occurs very quicklyto minimize the potential exchange of undesirable materials orcontaminants, such as gases, liquids or other particles, between thefacility and the facility subsurface 170, particularly in the event thata one-way valve is not present in the interior of the threaded neck 44to prevent undesirable materials from the facility passing through themonitoring port 30 into the subsurface 170 during operation of thesystem of the present invention. For the same reason, namely, to preventthe unintended exchange of undesirable materials between the facilityand the facility subsurface 170, the sampling adaptor is preferablyinserted with the shutoff valve 108 closed.

At block 604, a sampling pump 190 is attached to the second end 106 ofthe sampling adaptor 100. At decision block 606, a determination is madewhether to purge the soil gas prior to withdrawing a sample for testing.It is frequently desirable to purge the soil probe 20 and subsurface 170of possible atmospheric contaminants prior to withdrawing a sample fortesting purposes. If the determination is made at decision block 606 topurge the soil gas, the logic proceeds to block 608. At block 608, thesampling pump 190 is initiated, the shutoff valve 108 is opened, asample of the subsurface soil gas is withdrawn using the sampling pump,the shutoff valve 108 is closed, and the captured purge sample isreleased in a predetermined manner so as to avoid further possible soilgas contamination. The logic then proceeds to block 610. If thedetermination is made at decision block 606 not to purge the soil gas,for example if a purge process has already occurred, the logic proceedsdirectly to block 610. At block 610, the sampling pump 190 is initiated,the shutoff valve 108 is opened, a sample of the subsurface soil gas iswithdrawn using the sampling pump and the shutoff valve 108 is closed.The resultant captured sample is subsequently tested.

As explained above, the top of the soil probe is designed to facilitateconnection to a sampling device that withdraws vapors and gas from thesoil beneath the facility surface. For example, a hand pump or othersampling device can be used to withdraw air from the soil probe. Soilgas VOC content is preferably measured in the field by using a hand pumpconnected to a variety of commercial calorimetric detector tubes orfield instruments designed to measure VOC concentrations. Soil gassamples can also be collected in containers for later laboratoryanalysis and precise quantification of VOC concentration.

The subsurface 170 soil gas is preferably sampled on a routine basis,but sampling may also occur on an incidental basis as desired. Routinemonitoring, annually or semi-annually, is preferably established todetermine if a release of VOC to the subsurface has occurred during theperiod. In addition, sampling events can take place in anticipation ofproperty sale, renewal of insurance, or following a release incident toassess potential migration to the subsurface soil.

While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated anddescribed, as noted above, many changes can be made without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the precisecomponents used in the preferred soil probe 20 may be modified inaccordance with the overall function of the soil probe to safelywithdraw soil gas samples. As discussed above, various types of samplingpumps may be used. The exact sequence of many of the steps in theinstallation and sampling methods may be altered and steps merged. Forexample, applying the VOC resistant sealant 180 in block 502 of FIG. 8may occur concurrent with insertion of the monitoring port 20 in block504. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is not limited by thedisclosure of the preferred embodiment. Instead, the invention should bedetermined entirely by reference to the claims that follow.

1. A method for monitoring the subsurface under a facility for volatileorganic compounds, comprising: evaluating a facility for applicabilityof subsurface monitoring of volatile organic compounds; if subsurfacemonitoring of volatile organic compounds is appropriate at the facility,determining the location at which to monitor subsurface volatile organiccompounds at the facility; installing a volatile organic compoundmonitoring station at the determined location at the facility, whichinstallation includes positioning the monitoring station within asurface penetration such that the monitoring station engages a wall ofthe surface penetration; collecting soil vapor samples using thevolatile organic compound monitoring station; and analyzing thecollected soil vapor sample for the presence of volatile organiccompounds.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the location atwhich to monitor subsurface volatile organic compounds at the facilityis based on at least one of the proximity to where volatile organiccompounds are found at the facility or the location where volatileorganic compound release to the subsurface under the facility is madepossible by the facility structure.
 3. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising if volatile organic compounds are present in the collectedsoil vapor sample, investigating the subsurface under the facility todetermine if significant quantities of volatile organic compounds arepresent.
 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising if volatileorganic compounds are not present in the collected soil vapor sample,maintaining data related to the collected soil vapor sample.
 5. A methodfor installing a volatile organic compound monitoring station forsampling soil gas in the subsurface under a facility, comprising:creating a surface penetration at a facility; inserting a monitoringstation having at least one securing member into the surface penetrationsuch that the at least one securing member engages a wall of the surfacepenetration to position the monitoring station in the surfacepenetration, the monitoring station comprising a mounting plate and agenerally tubular member extending substantially perpendicularly fromthe mounting plate; and forming a seal between the monitoring stationand the facility surface, wherein forming a seal between the monitoringstation and the facility surface comprises applying a sealant to thefacility surface substantially around the surface penetration tofacilitate creation of the seal between the monitoring station and thefacility surface and positioning the mounting plate on the seal havingthe generally tubular member extending into the penetration.
 6. Themethod of claim 5, wherein forming a seal between the monitoring stationand the facility surface further comprises applying a sealant to thefacility surface substantially around the surface penetration tofacilitate creation of the seal between the monitoring station and thefacility surface.
 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the monitoringstation has a hollow, generally tubular shape and further comprisingclosing the monitoring station by inserting a monitoring station capinto the hollow, generally tubular-shaped monitoring station.
 8. A soilprobe for monitoring the subsurface under a facility surface forvolatile organic compounds, comprising: a monitoring port having an endfilter in communication with the subsurface under the facility surfaceand at least one securing member engaging the subsurface under thefacility surface so that the end filter of the monitoring port extendsinto the subsurface under the facility surface; a monitoring port capconfigured to close the monitoring port to minimize the movement ofundesirable materials between the facility and the subsurface via themonitoring port; and a sampling adaptor configured to interface with themonitoring port and a sampling pump to allow the withdrawal of a soilgas sample from the subsurface under the facility surface.
 9. The soilprobe of claim 8, wherein: the monitoring port is a substantiallyhollow, generally tubular-shaped member having a threaded interior; andthe monitoring port cap has a threaded exterior corresponding to andconfigured to interface with the threaded interior of the monitoringport.
 10. The soil probe of claim 8, wherein: the monitoring port has alocking aperture; and further comprising a locking tool for use in theinstallation of the monitoring port, the locking tool having an endcorresponding in size and shape to the locking aperture of themonitoring port.
 11. The soil probe of claim 8, wherein: the monitoringport cap has turning recesses formed therein; and further comprising acap tool for use in the installation of the monitoring port cap, the captool having turning pins corresponding in size and shape to the turningrecesses of the monitoring port cap.
 12. The soil probe of claim 8,wherein the monitoring port cap has at least one sealing means designedto create a substantially liquid and airtight seal between themonitoring port cap and the monitoring port when the monitoring port capis used to close the monitoring port.